Click on the tab to search across Lilly for additional information
The Health Care Professional's connection to Lilly product and condition information
References
Aird WC. The role of the endothelium in severe sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Blood. 2003;101(10):3765-3777.
Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, Clermont G, Carcillo J, Pinsky MR. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med. 2001;29(7):1303-1310.
Beal AL, Cerra FB. Multiple organ failure syndrome in the 1990s: systemic inflammatory response and organ dysfunction. JAMA. 1994;271(3):226-233.
Bernard GR, Vincent J-L, Laterre P-F, et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:699-709.
Bone RC. Toward an epidemiology and natural history of SIRS (systemic inflammatory response syndrome). JAMA. 1992;268(8):3453-3455.
Brun-Buisson C, Doyon F, Carlet J, et al. Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of severe sepsis and septic shock in adults. A multicenter prospective study in intensive care units. JAMA. 1995;274(12):968-974.
Dellinger RP. Cardiovascular management of septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2003;31(3):946-955.
Dellinger RP, Carlet JM, Masur H, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(3):858-873.
Ellis CG, Bateman RM, Sharpe MD, Sibbald WJ, Gill R. Effect of a maldistribution of microvascular blood flow on capillary O2 extraction in sepsis. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2002;282(1):H156-H164.
Friedman G, Silva E, Vincent JL. Has the mortality of septic shock changed with time? Crit Care Med. 1998;26(12):2078-2086.
Hoffman JN, Vollmar B, Laschke MW, et al. Microhemodynamic and cellular mechanisms of activated protein C action during endotoxemia. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(4):1011-1017.
Ince C, Sinaasappel M. Microcirculatory oxygenation and shunting in sepsis and shock. Crit Care Med. 1999;27(7):1369-1377.
Kaplanski G, Fabrigoule M, Boulay V, et al. Thombin induces endothelial type II activation in vitro: IL-1 and TNF-alpha-independent IL-8 secretion and E-selectin expression. J Immunol. 1997;158(11):5435-5441.
Kaplanski G, Marin V, Fabrigoule M, et al. Thrombin-activated human endothelial cells support monocyte adhesion in vitro following expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1; CD54) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1; CD106). Blood. 1998;92(4):1259-1267.
Kidokoro A, Iba T, Fukunaga M, Yagi Y. Alterations in coagulation and fibrinolysis during sepsis. Shock. 1996;5(3):223-228.
Lam C, Tyml K, Martin C, Sibbald W. Microvascular perfusion is impaired in a rat model of normotensive sepsis. J Clin Invest. 1994;94(5):2077-2083.
Levi M, van der Poll T, ten Cate H, et al. The cytokine-mediated imbalance between coagulant and anticoagulant mechanisms in sepsis and endotoxaemia. Eur J Clin Invest. 1997;27(1):3-9.
Lorant DE, Patel KD, McIntyre TM, et al. Coexpression of GMP-140 and PAF by endothelium stimulated by histamine or thrombin: a juxtacrine system for adhesion and activation of neutrophils. J Cell Biol. 1991;115(1):223-234.
Lorente JA, Garcia-Frade LJ, Landin L, et al. Time course of hemostatic abnormalities in sepsis and its relation to outcome. Chest. 1993;103(5):1536-1542.
Mahidhara R, Billiar TR. Apoptosis in sepsis. Crit Care Med. 2000;28(4):N105-N113.
Malik AB, Fenton JW. Thrombin-mediated increase in vascular endothelial permeability. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1992;18(2):193-199.
McCormack DG, Mehta S, Tyml K, Scott JA, Potter R, Rohan M. Pulmonary microvascular changes during sepsis: evaluation using intravital videomicroscopy. Microvasc Res. 2000;60(2):131-140.
McCuskey RS, Urbaschek R, Urbaschek B. The microcirculation during endotoxemia. Cardiovasc Res. 1996;32(4):752-763.
McGilvray ID, Rotstein OD. Role of the coagulation system in the local and systemic inflammatory response. World J Surg. 1998;22(2):179-186.
Minami T, Aird WC. Thrombin stimulation of the vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 promoter in endothelial cells is mediated by tandem nuclear factor-kappa B and GATA motifs. J Biol Chem. 2001;276(50):47632-47641.
Minino AM, Arias E, Kochanek KD, et al. Deaths: final data for 2000. National Vital Statistics Reports Web Site. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/nvsr/nvsr50_15.pdf. Accessed June 2004.
Murray MJ. Sepsis: clinical dilemmas. Yale J Biol Med. 1998;71(6):485-491.
Natanson C, Esposito CJ, Banks SM. The sirens' song of confirmatory sepsis trials: selection bias and sampling error. Crit Care Med. 1998; 26(12):1927-1931.
Papathanassoglou ED, Moynihan JA, Ackerman MH. Does programmed cell death (apoptosis) play a role in the development of multiple organ dysfunction in critically ill patients? Crit Care Med. 2000;28(2):537-549.
Perl TM, Dvorak L, Hwang T, Wenzel RP. Long-term survival and function after suspected gram-negative sepsis. JAMA. 1995;274(4):338-345.
Rahman A, Anwar KN, True AL, Malik AB. Thrombin-induced p65 homodimer binding to downstream NK-kappa B site of the promoter mediates endothelial ICAM-1 expression and neutrophil adhesion. J Immunol. 1999;162(9):5466-5476.
Stefanec T. Endothelial apoptosis: could it have a role in the pathogenesis and treatment of disease? Chest. 2000;117(3):841-854.
Sugama Y, Tiruppathi C, Offakidevi K, et al. Thrombin-induced expression of endothelial P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1: a mechanism for stabilizing neutrophil adhesion. J Cell Biol. 1992;119(4):935-944.
van Deventer SJ, Buller HR, ten Cate JW, Aarden LA, Hack CE, Sturk A. Experimental endotoxemia in humans: analysis of cytokine release and coagulation, fibrinolytic, and complement pathways. Blood. 1990;76(12):2520-2526.
Vervloet MG, Thijs LG, Hack CE. Derangements of coagulation and fibrinolysis in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock. Semin Thromb Hemost. 1998;24(1):33-44.
Zeng W, Matter WF, Yan SB, et al. Effect of drotrecogin alfa (activated) on human endothelial cell permeability and Rho kinase signaling. Crit Care Med. 2004;32(5 Suppl.):S302-S308.
